World Wildlife Day – 03 March 2025

Sustainable organic waste management key for wildlife conservation

A large segment of South Africa’s economy is dependent on our wildlife. Tourist flock to game reserves and coastal resorts to enjoy the pristine landscapes and witness many of the native species in their natural habitats. Every year, Ecotourism contributes approximately R155 billion ($8.4 billion) to the economy and creates over 5000 jobs. As such a major economic contributor, there are many conservation and environmental management measures in place to preserve our wildlife, however, an impact that is often overlooked is inefficient organic waste management.

“Many game reserves and protected areas tend to have good waste systems for solid waste and recycling. This keeps the place clean of visible pollution. Unfortunately, visitors are more likely to throw a fruit peel on the ground with the perception of it being biodegradable. Unfortunately, what it does is encourage unnatural feeding patterns for some species and can change the natural soil mycology,” says Brian Küsel, from BiobiN South Africa. “As much as solid waste recycling, composting needs to be instilled as a habit, as a norm within these reserves that have very sensitive ecosystems.”

Disrupting natural feeding patterns

Improper disposal of food waste in game reserves can significantly disrupt the natural feeding behaviours of wildlife, particularly baboons. Baboons are known to raid croplands, gardens, bins, and even homes, consuming human-derived food resources. This behaviour not only leads to increased aggression and human-wildlife conflict but also affects the health of baboon populations. Research has shown that baboons with access to human food exhibit higher levels of stress hormones and increased aggression.

“Implementing enclosed composting solutions like BiobiN can prevent wildlife from accessing food waste, maintaining their natural foraging habits and reducing negative interactions with humans,” says Küsel

Polluting water sources.

When food and organic waste are not adequately contained, they can leach into groundwater and surface water sources, introducing pollutants that degrade water quality. This contamination can lead to the proliferation of harmful algal blooms, which deplete oxygen in water bodies and release toxins detrimental to aquatic life and human health. Implementing effective on-site composting systems like BiobiN can mitigate this risk by containing and processing organic waste, preventing it from contaminating water sources and contributing to environmental degradation.

Opportunities to support soil rehabilitation

“If we want to keep the ecological integrity of our beloved nature reserves intact, we need to be thinking about food and organic waste differently. If you are composting on-site, you will not only mitigate these impacts but also opens up opportunities for soil and land rehabilitation,” adds Küsel. “Composting a nature-based solution that every game reserve should have. By converting food and organic waste into nutrient-rich compost, these units enhance soil fertility, promote healthy microbial activity, and improve soil structure – all which will support the greater ecosystem.”

To find out more about this innovative way to deal with your company’s food waste, visit www.biobin.co.za